Apparatus for pumping and flowing oil-wells



-' (No Model.) l v E. S. WILLIAMSON.

APPARATUS POR PUMPING- AND PLWING' GIL WELLS.

Pdfented Aug. 15, 1882.

ATTORNEYS.

AA .L i pm y UNITED STATES PATENT OEEICE.

ELI SAMUEL WILLIAMSON, OF BRADFORD, PENNSYLVANIA.

APPARATUS FOR PUMPINIG AND FLOWING OIL-WELLS.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 262,874, dated August15, 1882.

Application tiled May 29, 1882. (No model.)

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, ELI SAMUEL WILLIAM-V SON, of Bradford, in the countyof McKean and State ot' Pennsylvania, have invented a new and ImprovedApparatus for Pumping and Flowing Oil-Wells, of which the following is afull, clear, and exact description.

In pumping oil-wells it has heretofore been customary to employ meanssubstantially as follow-s for raising the fluid to the top of the well:A long line of tubing of, say, two inches in diameter (more or less) issunk in the ground or rock and becomes a permanent fixture. I nside ofthis tubing a long line of wooden rods having a valvular bucket at theirlower end is reciprocated up and down for action in concert with a valveat the bottom ofthe tubing, whereby the oil is raised as required. In myimproved apparatus I dispense bothwith this long line of fixed andclose-fittin g tubing and with the wooden pump-rods, and substitute.therefor a much smaller movable tube, which acts both as pumprod andconductor for the oil, and a Working-barrel anchored at or near thebottom of the well.

The invention consists in certain novel constructions and combinationsof parts, including an independent wed ging device, an elastic orflexible packer, and a slip-joint construction of tubes, whereby theanchoring of the apparatus is readily elfected, its removal providedfor, provision made for workin g the well either by flowing or pumpingit, and other advantages are obtained.

Reference is to behad to the accompanying drawings, forming part of thisspecification, in which similar letters of reference indicatecorresponding parts in all the figures.

Figure l represents a vertical section of an oil-Well with my improvedapparatus applied; Figs. 2 and 3, vertical sections of detached portionsthereof upon an enlarged scale, and Fig. 4 a transverse section on ltheline :o x in Fig. 3.

A indicates the walls of the well, and B is "the working-barrel, ofreduced diameter, an-

chored at or near the bottom of the well, substantially as hereinafterdescribed.

O is'the pumping-tube, arranged to extend from or above the top of thewell-hole to or near the bottom of the working-barrel. Saidpumping-tube, which is fitted at its lower end with avalve, D, openinginward, passes through an externally conical or tapering elongatedboX,E, which is constructed to receive within it a packing, b, for thepumping-tube C, and `is fitted with a follower, F, that closes down onthe packing.

The working-barrel B, which may be two inches in diameter (more or less)internally, is screwed atits upper end into the lower end of the box E,and extends down through a rubber or other suitable packer, G, and fromthence through a ange or upper head, H, of an enlarged lower tube, I,which is fitted at its bot` ling J with the lower end of the tube I, and

projecting down to or near the bottom of the well for passing the oil tothe inlet-aperture s. The coupling J and perforated pipe L virtuallyform an extension of the working-barrel to or near the bottomof thewell, which is anchored as follows: Arranged around the box E, ortapering portion f thereof, is alongitudinally-divided wedge orduplicate wedges., M M, corresponding, as regards their interiorsurfaces, with the upper tapering surface, f, of the box E, and of suchdiameter and construction on their exterior surfaces as to fit the wallsA of the well. From each of these Wedges M is projected an upwardattached rein or connection, N, which connections N are secured at theirupper ends to a cross-head, O, by nuts g, arranged above and below saidcross-head. When the wedges M M are brought to bear upon the taperingsurfacef of the box E they hold the apparatus firmly to the bottom ofthe well, so that-the pumping-tube C is free to work up and down, and,as it is packed in the box E by the packing b, every time it makes adownstroke the iluid is forced up within it and ultimately to the top ofthe well.

The lower end of the pumping-tube O has a collar or projection, h, onit, and the upper IOO portion of said tube above the box E is fittedwith a similar collar or projection, z'. These collars are arranged at asuitable distance apart, and the several portions ofthe apparatus are ofsuch proportions and length as to provide for the following manipulationand adjustment of the apparatus.

When it is required to remove the apparatus from the well thepumping-tube C is drawn up until the collar i comes in contact with thecross-head O. This raises the wedges M M and carries them up clear ofthe tapering surface f of the box E. Subsequently, and by continuing theupward movement ofthe tube C, the 'collar h is brought in contact withthe lower end or portion of the box E and both move up together,allowing the packer G and the iiange or head H of the tube I to remainstationary until the ring or projection d on the bottom of theworking-barrel comes in contact with ange H, when, or after which, bycoutinuing the upward pull on the pumping-tube, the whole apparatus isdrawn out of the well. The ring d prevents the flange H, with itsattached tube I and the rubber packer G, from becoming detached orslipping oft' when the apparatus is being drawn from the well.

When the apparatus is in place in the well any upward tendency of theboxE to be lifted in the working of the pumping-tube C is resisted bythe wedges M M, which are forced against the walls of the well, and thepacker G, which was compressed by the pumping-tube C, resting by itscollar t' on the box E, and expanded laterally so as to bear against thewalls ofthe well, acts, in conjunction with the wedges, to hold theapparatus in position, or, in other words, to anchor it, as required,within the well. By the use of this packer G the oil may either besupplied by direct ow--that is, when there is a sufcient naturalpressureor by the working of the pumping-tube, as described.

The Wedges M may be made either of metal or any other hard material.'lhe valves D and K may be of any suitable kind or construction.

By the slip-joint construction of the apparatus every facility isafforded for raising or lowering it, and for adapting it to wells ofdifferentdepths and sizes, and for removing it when required, ashcreinbefore described.

Having thus fully described my invention, whatI claim as new, and desireto secure by Letters Patent, is

1. The combination, with the tapered box E, with the pumping-tubepassing through it, of 5 the wedges M, connected to a cross-head, O,capable of being acted on by a collar on 'the pumping-tube,substantially as and for the purpose set forth. v

2. The combination of the head H of the pipe I, packer G, and taperedbox E, connected to the cross-head O by tightening screwbolts N andresting upon the packer, substantially as aud for the purpose set forth.

3. The pumping-tube C, having a valve, D, 6 in combination with theworking-cylinder B, having a valve, K, and the outer tube, I, tted toform a slip-joint on the working-barrel, and provided with a lowerperforated pipe, L, substantially as specified.

4. The combination, with the pipes I L, connected together, the head H,connected to pipe I, and the box E, of the working-cylinder B, having avalve and collar and connected to said box, and the pumping-tube C,having a 7 collar at its lower end, substantially as and for the purposeset forth.

5. The combination of the wedges M M, the cross-head O, to which saidwed ges are attached, the pumping-tube C, with its collars orprojections he', the tapering box E, the Workin g-barrel B, with itslower collar or projection, d, and the outer tube, I, with its head orflange H, essentially as and for the purposes herein described.

ELI SAMUEL WILLIAMSON.

Witnesses:

- E. T. MERRILL,

F. L. GUENTHER.

